

# Two sample MR report

---

## Kynurenine levels against Frailty index || id:ebi-a-GCST90020053

Date: **06 January, 2026**

---

### Results from two sample MR:


|method                    | nsnp|         b|        se|      pval|
|:-------------------------|----:|---------:|---------:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  |   14| 0.0065331| 0.0379476| 0.8661801|
|Weighted median           |   14| 0.0435250| 0.0136693| 0.0014518|
|Inverse variance weighted |   14| 0.0430278| 0.0106849| 0.0000565|
|Simple mode               |   14| 0.0207827| 0.0213724| 0.3485938|
|Weighted mode             |   14| 0.0348226| 0.0181962| 0.0779289|

---

### Heterogeneity tests


|method                    |        Q| Q_df|    Q_pval|
|:-------------------------|--------:|----:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  | 15.16797|   12| 0.2323788|
|Inverse variance weighted | 16.43766|   13| 0.2263014|

--- 

### Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy


| egger_intercept|        se|      pval|
|---------------:|---------:|---------:|
|       0.0048421| 0.0048313| 0.3360053|

--- 

### Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome


| snp_r2.exposure| snp_r2.outcome|correct_causal_direction | steiger_pval|
|---------------:|--------------:|:------------------------|------------:|
|       0.0005506|              0|TRUE                     |    0.0381131|

Note - R^2 values are approximate

---

### Forest plot of single SNP MR

![plot of chunk chunk5](figure/Kynurenine_levels_against_Frailty_index__idebiaGCST90020053chunk5-1.png)

---

### Comparison of results using different MR methods

![plot of chunk chunk6](figure/Kynurenine_levels_against_Frailty_index__idebiaGCST90020053chunk6-1.png)

---

### Funnel plot

![plot of chunk chunk7](figure/Kynurenine_levels_against_Frailty_index__idebiaGCST90020053chunk7-1.png)

---

### Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis

![plot of chunk chunk8](figure/Kynurenine_levels_against_Frailty_index__idebiaGCST90020053chunk8-1.png)
