

# Two sample MR report

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## Valine against Malignant_melanoma_of_skin

Date: **03 January, 2026**

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### Results from two sample MR:


|method                    | nsnp|          b|        se|      pval|
|:-------------------------|----:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  |    5|  0.2470502| 0.5902210| 0.7036885|
|Weighted median           |    5| -0.2408464| 0.1349912| 0.0743970|
|Inverse variance weighted |    5| -0.2268320| 0.1079436| 0.0356064|
|Simple mode               |    5| -0.3015236| 0.2053699| 0.2159665|
|Weighted mode             |    5| -0.0736261| 0.1695177| 0.6864534|

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### Heterogeneity tests


|method                    |        Q| Q_df|    Q_pval|
|:-------------------------|--------:|----:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  | 2.405591|    3| 0.4925948|
|Inverse variance weighted | 3.072530|    4| 0.5457620|

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### Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy


| egger_intercept|       se|      pval|
|---------------:|--------:|---------:|
|      -0.0442239| 0.054152| 0.4739394|

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### Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome


| snp_r2.exposure| snp_r2.outcome|correct_causal_direction | steiger_pval|
|---------------:|--------------:|:------------------------|------------:|
|        5.62e-05|              0|TRUE                     |    0.2964533|

Note - R^2 values are approximate

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### Forest plot of single SNP MR

![plot of chunk chunk5](figure/Valine_against_Malignantmelanomaofskinchunk5-1.png)

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### Comparison of results using different MR methods

![plot of chunk chunk6](figure/Valine_against_Malignantmelanomaofskinchunk6-1.png)

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### Funnel plot

![plot of chunk chunk7](figure/Valine_against_Malignantmelanomaofskinchunk7-1.png)

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### Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis

![plot of chunk chunk8](figure/Valine_against_Malignantmelanomaofskinchunk8-1.png)
