Two sample MR report


enlarged perivascular spaces against PCSK9-UKBPPP

Date: 08 January, 2026


Results from two sample MR:

method nsnp b se pval
MR Egger 3 -2.063 1.507 0.402
Weighted median 3 -0.692 0.239 0.004
Inverse variance weighted 3 -0.474 0.370 0.200
Simple mode 3 -0.743 0.296 0.129
Weighted mode 3 -0.758 0.264 0.103

Heterogeneity tests

method Q Q_df Q_pval
MR Egger 3.71 1 0.054
Inverse variance weighted 8.08 2 0.018

Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy

egger_intercept se pval
0.043 0.04 0.474

Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome

snp_r2.exposure snp_r2.outcome correct_causal_direction steiger_pval
0 0 TRUE 0.84

Note - R^2 values are approximate


Forest plot of single SNP MR

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Comparison of results using different MR methods

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Funnel plot

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Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis

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