

# Two sample MR report

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## NAPRT_Epithelial against UKB-b-18436

Date: **13 January, 2026**

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### Results from two sample MR:


|method                    | nsnp|         b|        se|      pval|
|:-------------------------|----:|---------:|---------:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  |   11| 0.0334486| 0.0222815| 0.1675510|
|Weighted median           |   11| 0.0108004| 0.0073757| 0.1431066|
|Inverse variance weighted |   11| 0.0130287| 0.0059739| 0.0291886|
|Simple mode               |   11| 0.0094285| 0.0117517| 0.4410268|
|Weighted mode             |   11| 0.0081466| 0.0114097| 0.4915484|

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### Heterogeneity tests


|method                    |        Q| Q_df|    Q_pval|
|:-------------------------|--------:|----:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  | 2.526830|    9| 0.9801532|
|Inverse variance weighted | 3.431759|   10| 0.9693648|

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### Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy


| egger_intercept|        se|      pval|
|---------------:|---------:|---------:|
|      -0.0164511| 0.0172937| 0.3663097|

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### Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome


| snp_r2.exposure| snp_r2.outcome|correct_causal_direction | steiger_pval|
|---------------:|--------------:|:------------------------|------------:|
|       0.0002417|              0|TRUE                     |    0.1396962|

Note - R^2 values are approximate

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### Forest plot of single SNP MR

![plot of chunk chunk5](figure/NAPRTEpithelial_against_UKBb18436chunk5-1.png)

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### Comparison of results using different MR methods

![plot of chunk chunk6](figure/NAPRTEpithelial_against_UKBb18436chunk6-1.png)

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### Funnel plot

![plot of chunk chunk7](figure/NAPRTEpithelial_against_UKBb18436chunk7-1.png)

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### Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis

![plot of chunk chunk8](figure/NAPRTEpithelial_against_UKBb18436chunk8-1.png)
