

# Two sample MR report

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## ARL16_Epithelial against bbj-a-88

Date: **13 January, 2026**

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### Results from two sample MR:


|method                    | nsnp|          b|        se|      pval|
|:-------------------------|----:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  |    3| -0.0252763| 0.2083896| 0.9231577|
|Weighted median           |    3|  0.0316708| 0.0171450| 0.0647126|
|Inverse variance weighted |    3|  0.0357442| 0.0145884| 0.0142789|
|Simple mode               |    3|  0.0314814| 0.0215500| 0.2815164|
|Weighted mode             |    3|  0.0313950| 0.0205231| 0.2657105|

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### Heterogeneity tests


|method                    |         Q| Q_df|    Q_pval|
|:-------------------------|---------:|----:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  | 0.1698062|    1| 0.6802841|
|Inverse variance weighted | 0.2559714|    2| 0.8798660|

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### Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy


| egger_intercept|        se|     pval|
|---------------:|---------:|--------:|
|         0.04454| 0.1517345| 0.818233|

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### Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome


| snp_r2.exposure| snp_r2.outcome|correct_causal_direction | steiger_pval|
|---------------:|--------------:|:------------------------|------------:|
|        3.88e-05|              0|TRUE                     |    0.5551687|

Note - R^2 values are approximate

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### Forest plot of single SNP MR

![plot of chunk chunk5](figure/ARL16Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk5-1.png)

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### Comparison of results using different MR methods

![plot of chunk chunk6](figure/ARL16Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk6-1.png)

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### Funnel plot

![plot of chunk chunk7](figure/ARL16Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk7-1.png)

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### Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis

![plot of chunk chunk8](figure/ARL16Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk8-1.png)
