

# Two sample MR report

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## KLHDC9_Epithelial against bbj-a-88

Date: **13 January, 2026**

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### Results from two sample MR:


|method                    | nsnp|          b|        se|      pval|
|:-------------------------|----:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  |    5| -0.0432140| 0.2241357| 0.8594276|
|Weighted median           |    5| -0.1516159| 0.0247614| 0.0000000|
|Inverse variance weighted |    5| -0.1525521| 0.0161598| 0.0000000|
|Simple mode               |    5| -0.1512390| 0.0319794| 0.0091091|
|Weighted mode             |    5| -0.1496351| 0.0315065| 0.0089752|

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### Heterogeneity tests


|method                    |         Q| Q_df|    Q_pval|
|:-------------------------|---------:|----:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  | 0.6788977|    3| 0.8781558|
|Inverse variance weighted | 0.9181106|    4| 0.9219483|

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### Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy


| egger_intercept|        se|     pval|
|---------------:|---------:|--------:|
|      -0.0490877| 0.1003646| 0.658302|

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### Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome


| snp_r2.exposure| snp_r2.outcome|correct_causal_direction | steiger_pval|
|---------------:|--------------:|:------------------------|------------:|
|        6.69e-05|          2e-07|TRUE                     |    0.4638962|

Note - R^2 values are approximate

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### Forest plot of single SNP MR

![plot of chunk chunk5](figure/KLHDC9Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk5-1.png)

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### Comparison of results using different MR methods

![plot of chunk chunk6](figure/KLHDC9Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk6-1.png)

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### Funnel plot

![plot of chunk chunk7](figure/KLHDC9Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk7-1.png)

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### Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis

![plot of chunk chunk8](figure/KLHDC9Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk8-1.png)
