

# Two sample MR report

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## CPNE1_Epithelial against bbj-a-88

Date: **13 January, 2026**

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### Results from two sample MR:


|method                    | nsnp|          b|        se|      pval|
|:-------------------------|----:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  |    9| -0.1313264| 0.0968580| 0.2172544|
|Weighted median           |    9| -0.0854283| 0.0174159| 0.0000009|
|Inverse variance weighted |    9| -0.0826840| 0.0124366| 0.0000000|
|Simple mode               |    9| -0.0875374| 0.0238244| 0.0062706|
|Weighted mode             |    9| -0.0870362| 0.0235798| 0.0061202|

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### Heterogeneity tests


|method                    |         Q| Q_df|    Q_pval|
|:-------------------------|---------:|----:|---------:|
|MR Egger                  | 0.5419741|    7| 0.9992778|
|Inverse variance weighted | 0.7984099|    8| 0.9992294|

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### Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy


| egger_intercept|        se|      pval|
|---------------:|---------:|---------:|
|       0.0390047| 0.0770243| 0.6281356|

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### Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome


| snp_r2.exposure| snp_r2.outcome|correct_causal_direction | steiger_pval|
|---------------:|--------------:|:------------------------|------------:|
|         7.4e-05|              0|TRUE                     |    0.4211135|

Note - R^2 values are approximate

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### Forest plot of single SNP MR

![plot of chunk chunk5](figure/CPNE1Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk5-1.png)

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### Comparison of results using different MR methods

![plot of chunk chunk6](figure/CPNE1Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk6-1.png)

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### Funnel plot

![plot of chunk chunk7](figure/CPNE1Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk7-1.png)

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### Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis

![plot of chunk chunk8](figure/CPNE1Epithelial_against_bbja88chunk8-1.png)
