# Two sample MR report

## COPD || id:finn-b-J10_COPD against Non-small cell lung cancer (all cancers excluded) || id:finn-b-C3_LUNG_NONSMALL_EXALLC

Date: 18 January, 2026

### Results from two sample MR:

method | nsnp | b | se | pval
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
MR Egger | 29 | 0.284 | 0.237 | 0.240
Weighted median | 29 | 0.253 | 0.107 | 0.018
Inverse variance weighted | 29 | 0.452 | 0.106 | 0.000
Simple mode | 29 | 0.174 | 0.223 | 0.442
Weighted mode | 29 | 0.174 | 0.197 | 0.386

### Heterogeneity tests

method | Q | Q_df | Q_pval
--- | --- | --- | ---
MR Egger | 66.0 | 27 | 0
Inverse variance weighted | 67.5 | 28 | 0

### Test for directional horizontal pleiotropy

egger_intercept | se | pval
--- | --- | ---
0.029 | 0.036 | 0.433

### Test that the exposure is upstream of the outcome

snp_r2.exposure | snp_r2.outcome | correct_causal_direction | steiger_pval
--- | --- | --- | ---
0 | 0 | TRUE | 0.801

Note - R^2 values are approximate

### Forest plot of single SNP MR

### Comparison of results using different MR methods

### Funnel plot

### Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis